Tuesday, April 2, 2019

Model Of Nursing And Orems Self Care Model Nursing Essay

moulding Of nurse And Orems Self Care Model breast feeding EssaySalvage (2006) reports the RLT homunculus is based on what is considered as cardinal activities of living. The example determines that physical/biological, psychological, sociocultural, environmental and politicoeconomical factors all influence the way in which an individual performs these activities of living (Salvage, 2006). Healy and Timmins (2003) further add that activities of living are adept of quintuple main comp geniusnts that are all interconnected. Progression along the lifetime, the dependance/independence continuum, factors influencing the activities of living and the individuality in living completing the final four components. They utter the model is one that foc affairs on the forbearing as an individual engaged in living throughout a lifespan and moving from dependence to independence according to age, circumstances and environment (Healy Timmins, 2003, p. 792). Healy and Timmins (2003) un wrap the model is roled to identify a patients abilities in each of the 12 activities of living and use this data as a guide to formulate an individualised thrill computer program. Meleis (2012) defines Orems fabric as one that identifies patients inevitably and the resulting breast feeding intervention necessary to enhance self-care. Johnson and Webber (2010) explain Orems Model has lead interrelate concepts theory of self-care, theory of self-care dearth and theory of care for systems. According to Orem, mickle require assistance when their expertness to meet their possess self-care strikes becomes compromised (Horan, 2004). Orem identifies three categories of self-care common to all people, believing when an individual is unable to meet these needs a self-care deficit occurs (Berman et al, 2012 Fitzpatrick Whall, 2005). Orems model assesses a patients self-care ability to determine the deficit in meeting their own care. Once the deficit is established, one of five methods can be implemented to meet the patients self-care needs. Depending on the patients abilities to perform their own self-care, one of three treat systems is utilized to meet the needs of the patient (Berman et al, 2012).Nurses gift a responsibility to consider legal and ethical issues that need to be employed when performing wellness assessments. Legal issues, according to Berman et al (2012) include consent, confidentiality, duty of care and negligence whilst ethical issues include non-maleficence, beneficence, keep for autonomy and justice. Otherwise known as the four principles of bioethics (Atkins, Britton de Lacey, 2011, p. 88). The Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council ANMC have developed codes and guidelines that are a minimum bar of practice that a nurse is expected to maintain. When performing health assessments nurses must(prenominal) perform within their scope of practice which is based on education, knowledge, competency, completion of experience and l awful authority (ANMC, 2008).Atkins, Britton and de Lacey (2011) identify the position of power a nurse holds over a patient because of their inability to meet real self-care needs and their reliance on the assistance of a nurse. They describe the blood that exists between nurse and patient as a fiduciary family relationship (Atkins, Britton de Lacey, 2011, p. 82). Central to this relationship is cooperation with the patient, with him/her an active member of the decision making operation (Atkins, Britton de Lacey, 2011). It is recognised that the nurse has technical knowledge and expert advice however lacks competent knowledge and authority over a patients life. Therefore the nurse lacks the expertise to unsex significant decisions without the patients consent. A patient must consent to all health assessment being performed, however, the nurse first must interpret sufficient and relevant information about the assessment being undertaken. either framework implemented in th e nursing environment will perpetually come with strengths and limitations. Whilst not practising the Self-Care Model as Orem packaged it, Johnson and Webber (2010) state nurses have embraced the logic of self-care as therapeutic. This has resulted in them accenting their care focused towards portion patients meet their self-care needs rather than performing these for them. This promotes patient independence and maximizes nursing resource. Nurses have integrated principles of the model into diverse practice settings including different cultures and the world.Horan (2004) presented the use of Orems model in the field of intellectual disability and initially believed the model was too complex for successful application in this arena. His view changed when he saw the emolument the model provided to cater for individuals, with total care for one patient or just education and support for another. Meleis (2012) highlights the versality of the model with its use in preoperative and pos toperative care, psychiatric, palliative and HIV patient care, ranging from geriatric patients to adolescents and children. Fitzpatrick and Whall (2005) identify the model is relevant, noting its implementation in many health care institutions. Ths suggesting the model is flexible and adaptable to form an individual care plan that will meet an array of patient needs. Orems model provides a framework for intervention and in her own words states self-care deficit theory of nursing will fit into any nursing situation because it is a worldwide theory, that is, an comment of what is common to all nursing situations, not just an explanation of an individual situation (Meleis, 2012, p. 208).Irrespective of these strengths, Johnson and Webber (2010) believe Orems model is detailed and burthen with complicated language. Meleis (2012) supports their idea, suggesting the model is ambiguous, lacks clarity and can result in misinterpretation. Fitzpatrick and Whall (2005) state the theory can be viewed as culturally biased out-of-pocket to the fact it relies on principles such as autonomy, self-determinism and self-reliance. Principles that are not adopt in all cultures.Orems model addresses how nursing actions function to enhance health therefore being a valuable tool in the lives of those whose ability to self-care is thwarted. However, Fitzpatrick and Whall (2005) argue it may not make the same impact in health prevention care and promoting health. They claim its focus on self-care deficits resulting from health problems excludes a health promotion focus. Meleis (2012) supports this claim concluding that as nursing shifts to more community focus, the model will need to be supplemented with focus on health prevention and promotion care. Johnson and Webber (2010) identify that nursing would benefit from principles from a range of frameworks to enhance holistic assessment rather than pass its practice to the boundaries of one single framework.This essay has discussed RLT Model of Nursing and Orems Self-Care Model as health care frameworks that can be used when hoard heath assessment data. It outlined legal and ethical issues underpinning the nurse-patient relationship and how these must direct any interaction with the patient when conducting health assessment. Finally, it brought attention to the strengths and weaknesses when using Orems Self-Care Model, evidence showing whilst there are limitations to the model, there are attributes that make it valuable. Whilst the clarity of the model seemed questionable due to language used, the ability the model has to cater for patients with varying capacities proved it flexible and adaptable, encouraging and promoting patient independence.

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