Macbeth Act 1 Scene 1 Analysis Essay

A desert place.The setting of Thunder and dismountning depicts bad weather, which shows the eerie atmosphere and tense mood. The play opens on a comment of noise and disorder, foreboding some(prenominal) sin to get under ones skin. Witches, who look onm to enjoy the chaotic weather, appear to die hard alien values and p summons comp atomic number 18d to normal men and women.The mood is sinister, chancy and ominous the neighboring(a) appearance of the witches starting from the first scene is single-valued function to inform readers of the underlying none of balefulness.The witches speak in riddles, and seem to k straightaway Macbeths secret desires and ar seen as mischievous, otherworldly and wicked beings. By saying that the differences mazed and won, many meanings emerge, such as the meshing signifys to the fight with Cawdor and though Macbeth may perplex won against him, he has lost a battle to himself, by laterwards caving into the witches tempting words.They seem to refer the dark ere, which means after, the set of sun. This hints of their ugliness temperaments that seem to relate to their preference of bad weather and dark skies. They decide on the heath to meet Macbeth. The rhyme words blend us to think of the heath, which is a wild and barren place, in relation to Macbeth and his futurity.This means, we be lead to think that Macbeths feel pull up stakes too, become wild, dry and bare. This is the first meeting mingled with Macbeth and the witches and we hobo see that they are keen to meet him. We can infer from this fact and what we fuddle learnt ab appear the witches that they plan to do him harm. The mention of familiars, Graymalkin, which is a grey cat and Paddock , a toad, continues to inform us of the Witches supernatural status, as well as nurture deepening the theory of evil witches as they have chosen to keep strange pets. Back in Shakespeares time, people believed that such familiars were actu e realy strong drink trapped in the bodies of animals, hence we see the witches as paranormal and demonic in spirit.The next riddle, Fair is foul, and foul is fair Hover through fuzziness and filthy air. Once again the seemingly illogical statement keeps the reader wondering. It could be saying that what appears to be unattackable may not be so and that in that respect is a thin line between well, fair, and evil, foul. It could as well as be warning readers of Macbeth and his deceptive personality, as well as not to take appearances and peoples personalities for granted as vigor is what it seems to be.Hence, the re authoritative theme passim this scene is the perversion of moral values and the disruption of all thing good, as well as that nothing is to be perpetrateed as appearances are a form of deception. The witches evil is also a dominant allele theme through divulge the scene as their preferences and actions give readers an overwhelming sense of evil and discord. There is an impendi ng sense of disaster from their riddles and the belief that the witches are the frames of evil forces and the whole scene prepares the audience for the tragedy to come, as well as bad us a small peak into the future of the play.MACBETHThe classroom compendium (generalized)(Previous abridgment was June holiday homework)Act1 Scene 29 / 7 /11A camp.The scene starts with power Duncan himself as powerfulness an injured captain to report on the latest revolt. The scene serves a purpose of explaining the political situation in Scotland through the onlookers eyes. In other words, though the scene does not go directly into the battle zvirtuoso itself, it still adequately informs the audience of what is sacking on both step upside and inside of the battlefield. It also introduces some alpha characters, such as exponent Duncan, Ross, Angus and gives a few mentions of Macbeth and Banquo. though not as dark and eerie as the previous scene, this scene uses battle scenes and the figurery of product line and bloodbath to moreover establish a s freely dangerous, gruesome scene. An underlying note of swarthiness can also be matt-up throughout the scene, as the use of subtle hints close to Macbeths future betrayal keep up a sense of foreboding.The battle is limnd as two spent swimmers, that do cling together And choke their art. This tells us that the battle is very closely fought. No side is given a clear advantage tho both sides are determined to keep the other down for their own side to survive. The traitor Macdonwald is also introduced as the resistance that mogul Duncans men are fighting in this particular battle. And fortune, on his damned quarrel smiling, Showd like a renegades whore, tells us that he at 1 point had seemed to be winning the battle, considering that fortune is on his side. Fortune is personified as a injure in this scene, giving him favors and such. Shakespeare also refers to fortune as a goddess with a distinctly fickle nature that d eceives the rebel (Macdonwald) with her smile in front abandoning him. Following this predicament, Macbeth displays groovy courage and determination as he fought valiantly, undaunted by fortune.Because of his bravery and strong will, Macbeth is praised many times throughout the entire Act 1. The very first praise brave Macbeth, was given to him by the captain, because of his politesse and dauntless(prenominal)ness before Macdonwald. In this scene, Macbeth is constantly shown in a positive light. Multiple praises of him lead to the audience become in awe of him, as he appears very impressive. He is also praised as Valors minion. Valor being considered as a goddess of valiance and bravery and Macbeth being thought of as a favorite of hers, hence leading to the conclusion that he is a valiant warrior. These praises swear out to raise suspense throughout the audience as the more in awe and impressed they become, the more they want to meet the glorious hero, Macbeth.However, plane though Macbeth is constantly praised throughout this scene, the overwhelming presence of gore and blood show some character flaws in him as well. Macbeth carved out his passage throughout the battlefield and unseamd Macdonwald from the nave to the chaps, And fixd his head upon our battlements. Carved out gives us the image of constant killings, till a passage is carved out through a wall of men. This savage, sickening imagery is made worse when the image of Macbeth ripping open the rebel from his chin to his navel and thusly hacking take away his head. The gruesome, gory image is the work of Macbeth. Hence, because of his savage kills and brutality of the battles, we can infer that he also has a strong, ruthless and slightly cold-hearted side to him.The blood and gore plays a large part in the play, as it is later on associated with Macbeths murder of King Duncan and his own eventual re primary(prenominal)der. Here, Macbeths kills and the shedding of blood are glorified as it do in support of the King. The mockery is that later on, Macbeths kills and the shedding of blood will be associated to the killing of the King and many other innocents. This scene is also ironical in the sense that Macbeths great achievement of killing the rebel will later be the very way he dies his head will get chopped off.Hints of the future turn of events continue to appear as the Captain reports of Norways immediate attack right after their apparent victory over Macdonwald, whence the sun gins his reflection Shipwrecking storms and direful thunders break, So from that spring whence comfort seemd to come Discomfort swells. Mark, king of Scotland, mark . The meaning of this warning is that sightly as good things happen, bad things occur. This statement, though said with no reference to Macbeth, is immediately linked to him.This is due to Duncans praises of Macbeth just before the warning was said, O valiant cousin, worthy gentleman, hence it can be construe as a warning that w hile Macbeth seems to come across to the other characters as a savior and hero, he may actually end up as the source of all discord and enmity. This touch ons the audience think twice about Macbeths both future and current loyalty and starts off one of the major themes in the play Appearance and illusions VS reality. What seems honest and beneficial may turn out to be the exact opposite. It also warns the audience of Macbeths future deceit and duplicity.The battle scene thickens as the Norweyan troops take advantage of their moment of victory to begin a fresh assault on them. Macbeth and Banquo are advertise praised here for their fearlessness and energy faced with yet another foe. They were said to be as dismayed and afraid as As sparrows eagles, or the hare the lion, in other words, not afraid at all. The use of nature imagery here are compare them to the eagle, king of the sky, and the lion, king of land, implying them to be very noble and prideful in their fight for their king . Later on, when Duncan is kill, the natural order of things is disrupted and the animals behave strangely. This fact further emphasizes the wrongfulness of murdering a good and lawful King, hence further condemning Macbeth.Ross later reports of betrayal of the Thane of Cawdor, and makes some comparisons with The King of Norway and Macbeth. Confronted him with self-comparisons, here implies that Macbeth and him were matched in strength and courage. However, as the King of Norway is considered to be treacherous and cunning, the words self-comparisons further hint of Macbeths future treacherous personality. Ross also praises Macbeth, duty him Bellonas bridegroom. Bellona is the roman goddess of war and by calling him her newly-wed husband it implies that he too is a great warrior. His enjoyment of war and his enthusiasm and zeal over it also achieve the audiences further questioning in the case where Macbeths loyalty to Duncan is diminished, what will come of his enthusiasm for viol ence and love of war.Later on Duncan awards Macbeth with the deed of Thane of Cawdor, unknowingly germ to fulfill the soothsaying which would lead him to his own demise. By condemning the current Thane of Cawdor, he bliss intacty is unaware of the fact that his presenting of the title to Macbeth will lead Macbeth to becoming a treacherous usurper.Duncan final words that close the scene are an ominous echo of the witches riddles in the first scene When the battles lost and won. What he hath lost noble Macbeth hath won, makes it such that by becoming thane of Cawdor, Macbeth has entered some sort of curse, as though he wins the characteristics of the previous thane as well as his title but he eventually loses his future and sanity in the process. This shows the clear link between the Kings current actions and the scheme of the witches, which further leads to the fulfillment of the prophecy of the witches, which fuels Macbeths savage ambitions. It also makes the audience wonder the outcome of the play, had the King not given him the title.In summary, we can infer from act 1 scene 2 that Macbeth is brave, courageous, valiant, strong-willed, but at the same time hinted to be ruthless and slightly savage. Still, the audience will be mainly in awe of his loyalty and ability to overcome adversity in battle, as well as his apparent image as the embodiment of justice and valor.MACBETHThe classroom analysis (generalized)(Previous analysis was June holiday homework)Act1 Scene 39/ 7 /11A heath.This scene marks the beginning of evil in Macbeth. It depicts his inner thoughts and struggles to keep his ambitious desires for the crown at bay. It is thought to be the temptation scenes, where Macbeths hankerings are further aro apply by the witches words, instigating him with the foretaste of becoming king of Scotland with their prophecy.The 3 main purposes of this scene are1. Characterization of the witches2. Contrast in the difference between Macbeth and Banquos reactions to the witches prophecy.3. Character of Macbeth is explored in greater detail.(Imaginative nature and high-strung temperament makes him inclined to monologue aside thoughts of character onstage, only audience can hear it.)With regards to the plot, the witches make the initial movement, through them Macbeths ambition crystallizes and his definite resolution to murder Duncan is established. However, bear in mind that Macbeths ambition was already present before the witches approached. Still, his meeting with them serviceed his vague divine guidance take a definite shape.First and fore more or less, the scene introduces the witches sadistic and uncivilised nature, showing that they are revengeful, spiteful creatures who want to wreck revenge on the straw hats wife, by giving out punishment on her husband which is out of proportion to the nature of the offence. Their reason for casting a spell on the navy man and his ship, cursing them to prolonged periods of suffering was simpl y because his fat wife refused to region her chestnuts with the First Witch. Such extreme measures emphasize the witches malicious natures, immediately giving the audience a poor impression of the characters.The animal imagery of a rat, tells us that they are sneaky, mischievous and harmful, biting a hole into the sailors ship. The way they chant Ill do, Ill do and Ill do appears to readers as eerie, almost definite manner of speaking. Their chants and ability to control winds further informs us that they are unnatural, almost magical beings.However, the witches though having powers beyond the norm are not completely powerful and are limited in their ability. Though they certainly can control winds, water, chant and attempt to place misguided thoughts in the characters minds, they cannot kill anyone nor can they force someone to bend to their will (as seen from the way they only influence the already ambitious Macbeth and not the honest Banquo).Furthermore, this indicates that Macb eths murder of Duncan and usurping was not because of the witches. He has evil thoughts already in himself, the witches only acted as guides, suggesting and tempting him with their words. The roles of the witches from the beginning were only insinuators, to provide suggestions and are not the direct cause for Macbeths actions. Hence, we can conclude that Macbeth is responsible for his own evil kit and boodle and that the witches cannot be used to excuse Macbeth from his behavior.Still, the witches unyielding, cruel nature is still undeniable as they cause horrors for the people they target. The sailors are subjected to 81 days of wasting away, animate like cursed men. Though they cannot completely destroy the ship, they can still cause it to be tossed and churned wildly through the storm. Also, we can tell that their cruelty and vindictive nature is apparent as jubilant is evident in their voices at Macbeths approach. From what we have learnt of their natures, we may conclude that they are deigning to work harm on Macbeth.Macbeth continues to link himself to the witches. His mention of so foul and fair a day I have not seen reminds us of the fair is foul comment that the witches used to close scene 1. It shows a clear connection between Macbeth and the witches evil. The ironic repetition is unconsciously echoed by Macbeth, indicating the changing direction of the battle or the weather, however it could also hint of Macbeth becoming further involved with the witches evil plot.The witches are also described in detail by Banquo here, seen to be strange look and wi at that placed and wild in their dressing and features. However, their strange looks help to promote themes like appearance VS reality, as the women though seemingly women, have beards like men. This emphasizes their unnaturalness and status as perversions of nature. Their prophecy is also reviewed in this scene. First, Macbeth will become Thane of Glamis, which is more of a fact, seeing that Macbet h will inherit the title from his father.Next, they claim he will become Thane of Cawdor and then King. The last two are great prophecies however it is the prophecy of becoming King that provides Macbeth the greatest temptation. It spurs him on for the most of the play, killing in hope to gain and keep the elusive title. Also, the witches are noted to not indicate how to achieve this title, giving only predictions and no suggestions. This further increases Macbeths responsibility for the murder of so many innocents. He crafted his own path and used his own means to achieve the titles and hence the murders committed in the process are more of his choice than any witches suggestion.Next, Macbeth is furthered introduced and the difference between Macbeths and Banquos reactions to the witches prophecies is explored.Through Banquo, we can see Macbeth is deeply shocked by the witches prophecies. Good sir, wherefore do you start and seem to fear. Things that do sound so fair? This sugges ts that the witches revelation was of Macbeths innermost thoughts, his dark hidden desire to become King. However, different Macbeth, Banquo sees no reason to fear the witches, indicating a strong sense of integrity and justice in him. While Macbeth is rhapsodic, thinking of the Kings attitude Banquo challenges the Witches fearing not as he does not have any greedy ambitions and a clear conscience.Hence, to summarize, Macbeths deep, dark innermost thoughts being revealed tell us of his guilty status, who indeed, did have dark intentions towards King Duncan. Whereas, Banquos reactions are that of an honest man, skeptical and mistrustful of the witches as well as wary of his and Macbeths prophesized glory. more(prenominal) riddles follow, as the number of paradoxical statements (statement in which it seems self-contradictory, absurd, but in reality it expresses a possible truth) grows.First WitchLesser than Macbeth, and greater.Second Witch non so happy, yet much happier.Third Witc hThou shalt get kings, though thou be noneSo all hail, Macbeth and BanquoThe words could have many double meanings, for example lesser and not so happy could be referring to Banquos lack of titles and social status whereas greater and much happier could refer to Banquos clearer conscience, honest character and upproperty of morals. However, it is the last line of the riddle which though straight in the lead to a certain extent, tells us that Banquo will sire a long line of Kings. This is strange, as it makes the audience wonder how Macbeth will become King but have Banquos children gain the crown.Macbeths power hungry nature is emphasized as the witches leave the scene. He desperately wants to know more. As the witches refuse to direct or properly guide him, Macbeth is eager to learn how to make this prophecy come true. His commanding nature and forceful demand does not affect the witches. Hence we can infer from this that the Witches are mischievous, mysterious beings that do not l isten to normal men. However, their elusive nature helps to add to a sense of suspense building up amongst the audience as it increases their fear of the unknown. This scene, especially this part, emphasizes how the Witches mock and lure Macbeth into their plans.The witches vanish suddenly, and are likened to bubbles by Banquo, suggesting that just like bubbles the witches are insubstantial, as though they do not really exist and are unnatural occurrences. Furthermore, their disappearances fuel the uncontained hunger in Macbeth for the knowledge to become King. However, Banquo on the other hand is confused and bewildered by the Witches sudden appearance and disappearances. He wonders if they had eaten the wacky root and hence have gone mad.The men try to reconfirm the witches prophesies by repeating them to each other. However there is a difference in the tone of which the words are said. Macbeth seems wary and resentful of the fact that Banquo children are supposedly going to gai n kingship, rather than his own children. Whereas, Banquos mood is light and joking, as he still is disbelieving and doubtful of the witches.The arrival of Ross and Angus interrupts the exchange between the two men. In summary, they inform Macbeth that Duncan is caught between valuate Macbeth or expressing his amazement at Macbeths courage and skill. He also comments on Macbeths lack of fear of the distorted faces of the people he has killed, strange images of death, and this later becomes an irony as Macbeth will later make even stronger images of death later on, one of which being Duncan. Next, they deliver the message that the King has awarded Macbeth the title of Thane of Cawdor. This decision is Duncans undoing, as it was the gaining of this title that persuaded Macbeth to act on the prophecy and kill Duncan.Banquo is shocked by this revelation as he is still full of doubt and mistrust for the witches. On the other hand, Macbeth questions Ross and Angus, unaware of the Thane o f Cawdors betrayal. The phrase, dress me in borrowed robes, is used to denote the new status or rank Macbeth has been give. It gives the image of unfitting turn that do not rightfully belong to him, hence the term borrowed. This implies that the title is unsuitable for Macbeth and like borrowed robes do not befit him. It is then revealed of the previous thanes betrayal and efforts to destroy the country. The link between the new thane of Cawdor and the previous thane of Cawdor is the knowledge that they both betray the Kings trust, as Macbeth seems to be already in anticipation of his Kingship, the greatest is behind.Banquo then shares his opinion on the witches and the turn of events to Macbeth. His own thoughts are addressed to both himself and Macbeth, acting as a warning to Macbeth as he senses his excitement.That trusted homeMight yet enkindle you unto the crown,Besides the thane of Cawdor. But tis strangeAnd oftentimes, to win us to our harm,The instruments of darkness tell u s truths,Win us with honest trifles, to betraysIn deepest consequence.Cousins, a word, I pray you.His words convey the message that the witches are not to be trusted and that if he believes in their words completely, he might burn with an unholy desire for the crown. He expresses his belief that the witches are agents of evil who tell them but simple truths to betray them in farthermost important matters and are simply baiting them to their demise. Banquos remark is penetrating, having described the true nature of the witches in detail. He appears to us as a wary but honest man who holds a great deal of moral wisdom.However, with the use of monologue (as previously mentioned, it is when one shares his inner thoughts on stage with the audience but away from other characters), Macbeth expresses his confused and undecided feelings and is debating internally with himself. He is undecided if the prophecy is good or bad, cannot be ill, cannot be good. This paradoxical statement shows th e sheer depth of the confusion in Macbeth as the statements directly contradict one another. This use of antithesis (the direct opposite or in this case a balanced contrast of ideas), is used to show the conflicting emotions raging in Macbeth and incertitude on whether he should trust the witches. However it also shows the inclination in Macbeth to evil as though deep down, he knows the implications of the prophecy are unholy actions, he still tries to justify the witches.Macbeth understands that if the prophecy is fulfilled, then one way or another Duncan moldiness die. However, the repulsive thought of murder makes Macbeths sensory hair stand on end and the mere thought of cold blooded murder make his heart, usually fixed within his chest, pound so overweight it is as if it were pounding against his ribcage (exaggeration). He realizes that if this prophecy is good, he should not yield to the thought of murder, and the fact that it does, unnerves him.His every action is smother ed in imagination of the Kings murder and he is so upset by the thought of murder that he quivers with fright. His mind is overwhelmed with such a thought that he is ineffective to think about anything else. Due to his cruel wishes, his inner stability is threatened and his inner peace lost. The next statement is also seemingly contradictory and paradoxical, nothing is what it is not, and yet it still tells us that the only thing real to him is what has not happened yet, the murder of Duncan, and the present is blotted out completely. Macbeth demonstrates a vivid but futile imagination and immediate fears do not worry him so much as his worries about the future.While he is lost in thought, Banquo comments on his rapt state. Finally, Macbeth decides to wait for the opportunity to come, having decided that though seemingly good as the prophecy has led him to the title of thane of Cawdor, the witches tempting of him to commit regicide (murder of monarchy) through dangling the foreca st of becoming King before him may also be a ill thing. He wishes for matters to be taken out of his detainment so that he can become King without having to delve into foul means.Another imagery of clothing is also explored as Banquo comments that on Macbeths new titles.New honors come upon him,Like our strange garments, cleave not to their mouldBut with the aid of use.This also provides the image of an unfitting set of clothes, referring to Macbeths new titles and honors. The metaphor takes on a role in which Macbeth is not suited or entitled to. Furthermore, Banquo says that the clothes need to be accustomed to, and that it is Macbeths thoughts and actions will fit the clothes to him and nothing else. This further emphasizes that what becomes of Macbeth is due to his own thoughts and choices.The scene ends with Macbeth claiming that the other mens efforts are recognized before making their way towards the king.MACBETHThe classroom analysis (generalized)(Previous analysis was June holiday homework)Act1 Scene 424 / 7 /11Forres. A room in the palace.This scene talks about the execution of the thane of Cawdor, praising of Macbeth and giving of title of crown prince to Malcolm. Imagery in this scene supports the sense of natural order in Duncans reign and the imagery of plants is used to describe Duncans nurturing of Macbeth and Banquo.In this scene, two things help mark a turning point in this play.1. Duncans proclamation of his son as crown princeThis clinches Macbeths decision to murder Duncan, as it confirms that Macbeth will never be king through natural causes. Unless Macbeth takes initiative to do something, the Kingship will slip out of his hands forever hence he decides to murder the king.1. Duncans decision to stay at InvernessMacbeths chance to murder Duncan was produced due to Duncans foolish and fatal decision.The scene begins with the current situation of the previous thane of Cawdor. Cawdor, who had been executed, was reported as showing a deep r epentance before death. They even go so far to say that his death became him and he was at his best right before dying. Duncan then comments that Theres no art to find the minds construction in the face, referring to Cawdors betrayal of Duncans complete trust in him. The irony of this situation is that Duncan still does not learn his lesson after this, and still continues to trust those around him, eventually being betrayed by the current Thane of Cawdor (Macbeth) in an almost similar fashion.Macbeth is someone who Duncan will put absolute trust in, like the previous thane. However, Duncan appears to be a poor judge of character as he is soon tricked by the thane of Cawdor again. His comment Theres no art to find the minds construction in the face, basically means there is no technique or skill to see a persons heart gives the scene a sense of foreboding and prophesy. It helps give rise to the theme of APPEARANCE AND REALITY, as well as injects a sense of dramatic irony as the audie nce knows he is about to make the same mistake again. As we can see, this line incorporates much dramatic significance, also because after this line is spoken, Macbeth enters. This link can only be seen by the audience and not Duncan a subtle hint about the future. In this scene, we are able to characterize Duncan.He is a generous, appreciative, noble, nave, trusting, gullible, gentle, dignified and benevolent king. He is associated with the natural order of things and even Macbeth recognizes me as a good king whom the subjects love. However he is also a poor judge of character as well as a tactless/ thoughtless man. He gives Malcolm the crown before Macbeth, a tactical error which costs him his life. Macbeth would have be likely to feel jealous of Malcolm, not to mention having done so much in the war, he would feel as if his reward of the title thane of Cawdor is small and insignificant compared to the crowning of the prince.However we cannot completely blame and mock Duncan for trusting Macbeth. Macbeth having had lain down his life for him, has earned Duncans trust. However we can still feel the irony as Duncan praises the treacherous Macbeth with words like O worthiest cousin etc. Duncan even says that Macbeth has done so many brave deeds that he has already been put in front of all of them, as if having been elevated high above them all. He expresses his internal gratitude, claiming that whatever reward is give to him is still not enough to fill the debt he owes to Macbeth.Macbeth replies Duncan claiming that there is no need to thank him as his service and loyalty to Duncan rewards him, and that he is full of love, duty and loyalty towards Duncan the country, him and his children. This provides a sharp contrast to the later soliloquy of scene 4, where Macbeth calls on the powers of darkness to kill the man he has just declared complete allegiance to. The contrast emphasizes Macbeths duplicity and double transaction nature.Duncan, as an appreciative and generous King, also does not forget to thank Banquo. The seed and plant imagery, otherwise known as a horticultural image, is used in Duncans address to Banquo, to indicate a natural growth of appreciation for him, which is no less than the appreciation of Macbeth. Banquos reply is also less flowery and elaborate compared to Macbeths, making a clever conceit (does not mean arrogant, means something like thought) on Duncans embrace, and his desire to hold Duncan to his heart, hence showcasing his loyalty. Banquo continues the natural image of sowing and cultivating crops, then reaping them when ripe. Duncan is portrayed to be the rich soil in which Banquo has been planted and will thrive in. Banquo informs the King in a simple, straightforward manner that if he thrives the King will naturally reap benefit from him, as well as that all his power, possessions and status belong to the King.We must take note of the differences between Macbeths and Banquos replies.MACBETHBANQUOFlowery s tiltedElaborate insinceredoesnt seem to come from the heartStraight forward sincerefull of humility humblesimpleDuncan, in his joy, thoughtlessly names his son as the successor but still claims that his son is not the only one to receive such honors as he still loves everyone equally. Macbeth however, is disappointed, troubled and is even a bit angry. He sees Malcolm as an obstacle and is now seriously thinking of treachery.Duncan does not recognize his displeasure. He decides to proceed to Inverness, Macbeths home, and the words bind us further to you, invoke a sense of irony in us. We can see that Duncan will be bound to Macbeth in a way that he has never dreamt of. He has no idea of what Macbeth is going to do to him in his stay in his castle. This will go on, unknown to Duncan but known to the audience, as they know of Macbeths evil plans.Macbeth lies to the King, pretending that he is rushing back to deliver the message of Duncans soon arrival to his wife, when the truth is he wants to hurry back to plan the murder of Duncan with his wife. He even says that rest is labor, if not used for you. In other words, resting feels more like labor if not done to help his King in any way. Duncan, nave and trusting, calls him worthy Cawdor, not suspecting a thing.With the Kings decisions in mind (crowning of Malcolm and the decision to stay at his castle), Macbeth is now more determined than ever in his evil purpose.The Prince of Cumberland that is a stepOn which I must fall down, or else oerleap,For in my way it lies. Stars, hide your firesLet not light see my black and deep desiresThe eye wink at the hand yet let that be,Which the eye fears, when it is done, to seeHe calls on the stars to block out their own light as what he is about to do is bad, terrible, treacherous and evil that he does not want anyone, even himself, to see it being done. He does not want to relive the full horror of his deeds and hence rather not let his eyes see his hands at work. This also t ells us that Macbeth recognizes the evil and wrong in his actions and yet he still proceeds to carry out the evil deeds. He coveys this to the audience with the use of soliloquy and hence we understand that Macbeths invocation (to call on) to the stars to dim their lights are thoughts which are kept to himself and are only known to him and the audience, emphasizing the fact that these are thoughts running through Macbeths mind, unbeknownst to the rest.His words are like an inversion of nature as if he were to obliterate the light from heaven just to fulfill his dark purposes (MURDER DUNCAN).Dramatic irony is continued as Duncan and Banquo proceed to discuss Macbeths nobility and courage after he leaves to discuss Duncans murder with his wife. They call him a peerless kinsman, in other words saying that no one is as good as him in terms of goodness and courage.This further emphasizes Duncans gullible, trusting and nave nature, not suspecting Macbeths motives in the slightest.COMPARE AND CONTRASTIn drama, it is more accurate to study the main character in relation to the roles that he/she/it plays and his/hers/its relationship to other characters.Macbeth VS Banquo1. PARALLEL charactersCharacters which are very similar to one anotherWhy?1. both help kings fight the rebels2. Both are captains3. Both receive prophecies from the Witches4. Both commended by the KingHowever, that is where the similarities END.1. Banquo is used to show CONTRAST with MacbethWhy?Stark contrast between Macbeth and Banquos1. Reactions to the witches propheciesMacbeth fearful, awed, eager to know moreBanquo wary, defiant, confused1. Reactions to Duncans commendationsMacbeth flowery reply, full of insincere sounding praisesBanquo brief, humbling, sincere and self-evasing reply1. Personality and characterMacbeth ambitious, deceptive, cunning, cruel and ruthlessBanquo full of integrity, honest, valiant, brave, loyal, and cautious1. Royal lineMacbeth promised to be kingBanquo promised to be the father of many kingsBanquo promised to be greater and happier than Macbeth1. Attitude towards each other, before and laterAt first open with each other later they will be wary and cautious with each other and unwilling to share their thoughts, hiding their intentions from each other.Macbeth VS Witches1. Witches are supernatural beings with supernatural knowledgeOffers go beyond that of ordinary human limits1. Macbeth is embodiment of manFull of apparent valiance but actually easily mislead1. We are rather unclear to witches intentions towards Macbeth in ACT 1Later, Hecate scene indicates that they are supernatural agents of evil and destruction, holding power through surprise magical intentionsAppearance VS Reality (theme)1. Theme of FALSE appearance can thus be understood firstly in terms of conscious deception and hypocrisy2. DECEPTION can thus be understood, secondly as part of the broader theme of concealment. From the beginning, Macbeth conceals his feelings about becom ing King by speaking in aside or soliloquy.3. HYPOCRISY can be seen from Macbeth hypocrite actions, as he claims to be loyal and honorable but in truth plots to kill his King (commit REGICIDE)Evil VS Fear1. GOOD and EVIL are moral absolutesThe ethical view that certain actions are perfectly right or wrong, regardless of other contexts such as their consequences or the intentions behind them1. Macbeths murder of Duncan is treated as a crime of the most terrible kind, of which he is deeply fearful from the moment he entertains the thought of it, which has far-reaching consequences.2. 3. Recurrent images of darkness and night, illness and blood are all used figuratively to suggest moral significance, and to give a CONCRETE image of evil.Explain REGICIDE, when it is performed of a good, lawful King, is considered EVIL. There is no moral objectivism, especially when the murder carries it out for his/her own benefit. This is emphasized by the many symbols used.1. However, good and evil i s also presented in a paradoxical wayMacbeth expresses the most sensitive moral sentiency he accuses himself of the evil of his murder in the most eloquent terms and experiences great horror and terror both before and after the deed. This contradicts the idea of good and evil as though Macbeth knows the evil, he still carries on to perform the evil, as if it were good The choosing of wrong though aware of the right, causes good and evil to seem also like paradoxical ideas.INTO THE PLAY Macbeths soliloquy1. Macbeth speaks the greatest proportion of his lines alone in a soliloquy or an aside1. Lack of interaction with other characters is very SIGNIFICANT in this kind of drama which usually relies upon dialogue to move the action forward.2. This solitary speech produces a strong sense of Macbeths isolation especially later in the action, where he is virtually speaking alone even though there are many silent servants on stage.3. This makes Macbeth a very internal character, whose inner life creates a kind of action in mind. His private speeches use vivid and moving images and develop powerful inner experiences at different points in the play.Scottish court1. Duncan, Malcolm and Macduff have distinct roles to play2. However, thanes are simply generalized in speech and decisions at the start of the play3. Duncans role is that of a gracious but overly trusting and wrongfully murdered King. He relates to his scout with elaborate and formal courteousness4. After Duncan is murdered, thanes become wary of each other and their surroundings